铁调素调节蛋白研究进展及其在航天医学中的作用

Advances in Research of Hemojuvelin and Its Role in Space Medicine

铁调素调节蛋白(HJV)是调节铁调素表达的关键上游分子,在骨骼肌、肝脏和心脏中呈现组织特异性高表达。肝脏中的HJV作为骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)的协同受体调节铁调素的表达,对机体铁稳态至关重要。骨骼肌中HJV的表达对全身铁代谢并无影响,但与肌细胞成肌分化相关,并可作为转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)的辅助受体防治肌肉萎缩。HJV在血液、脑等其他组织器官中的作用也逐渐得以研究阐明。失重及缺氧状态下HJV的变化很可能与航天员太空飞行时贫血的发生与组织氧化应激有关。综述了HJV在肝脏、骨骼肌,血液等组织中的主要功能作用,同时结合失重及低压缺氧状态下铁代谢变化的国内外研究,对HJV在太空飞行或模拟失重引起全身生理或病理性变化中可能发挥的作用进行了展望。

Hemojuvelin(HJV)is a key upstream molecule that regulates the expression of hepcidin and it is highly expressed in skeletal muscle,liver and heart.HJV in the liver acts as a co-receptor of bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)to regulate the expression of hepcidin,which is essential for the body’s iron homeostasis.The expression of HJV in the skeletal muscle has no effect on iron metabolism,but it is related to myogenic differentiation,and can be used as a co-receptor for transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)to prevent muscle atrophy.In addition,the roles of HJV in blood,brain and other tissues and organs have been studied and gradually clarified.Changes in HJV under weightlessness and hypoxia are likely to be related to anemia and tissue oxidative stress during space flight.In this paper,the main functions of HJV in liver,skeletal muscle,blood and other tissues were reviewed.Meanwhile,on the basis of the changes of iron metabolism under weightlessness and hypobaric hypoxia studied in China and abroad,the possible role of HJV in systemic physiological or pathological changes caused by weightlessness or simulated weightlessness was prospected.