我国口腔医院卫生资源配置与服务利用状况分析

Analysis of health resource allocation status and service utilization of Stomatology hospitals in China

目的:分析我国口腔医院的卫生资源配置状况和服务利用情况,为促进口腔医院发展提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性统计分析法、相关分析法对口腔医院卫生资源配置与服务利用状况进行分析。结果:2014-2018年间,我国口腔医院共增加了354家;按城乡分类,城市增加了266家、农村增加了88家;按登记注册类型分类,公立医院减少了3家、非公立医院增加了357家。同期,我国口腔医院万元以上设备台数增加了35996台,总价值翻了1倍有余。从2014年起,50张床位以下的口腔医院占比在90%以上,财政补助收入占总收入比例约7%。2016年起人员经费支出占总支出比例达到了50%。截止到2018年底,每万人口执业(助理)医师0.1673人、注册护士0.1551人,医护比为1∶0.93;病床使用率为31.1%,平均住院日为7.5天。结论:口腔医院卫生资源得到了迅速发展,需注重向农村地区倾斜。财政补助收入占总收入比例较小,需注重基层口腔服务能力建设。服务利用较低,需提升口腔医院服务利用效率。

Objective:To analyze the health resource allocation and service utilization of stomatology hospitals in China,to provide a scientific basis for promoting the development of stomatology hospitals.Methods:Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis were used to analyze the health resource allocation and service utilization of stomatology hospitals.Results:From 2014 to 2018,the number of stomatology hospitals in China increased to 354.By classification of urban and rural areas,with an increase of 266 in urban areas and 88 in rural areas.By classification of registration types,there was a decrease of 3 public hospitals and an increase of 357 non-public hospitals.During the same period,the number of more than 10000 yuan of equipment in stomatology hospitals in China increased to 35996 units,with the total value more than doubling.Since 2014,stomatology hospitals with less than 50 beds accounted for more than 90%,and financial subsidies accounted for about 7%of the total revenue.Since 2016,the expenditure on personnel accounted for 50%of the total expenditure.By the end of 2018,there were 0.1673 practicing(assistant)physicians and 0.1551 registered nurses per 10000 population,with a doctors/nurses ratio of 1:0.93.The bed utilization rate was 31.1%and the average length of stay was 7.5 days.Conclusion:The health resources of stomatology hospitals have developed rapidly,and it is necessary to focus on rural areas.Financial subsidy income accounts for a small proportion of the total income,and it is necessary to pay attention to the capacity building of basic dental services.The service utilization is low,and the service utilization efficiency of the stomatology hospital needs to be improved.