山东省城市社区老年慢性病患者健康相关行为状况及其影响因素

Status of Health-related Behaviors and Influencing Factors of Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in Urban Communities in Shandong Province

目的:了解山东省城市社区老年慢性病患者的健康相关行为状况并分析其影响因素,为健康老龄化、积极老龄化提供参考。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法选取山东省城市社区3363名老人进行问卷调查,运用因子分析法提取影响患病的主要健康相关行为。结果:社区老年人中慢性病患者2204人,慢性病患病率为65.5%。患病率排在前4位的慢性病分别是高血压(39.3%)、糖尿病(15.8%)、关节炎(12.0%)、冠心病(11.0%)。共提取4个公因子,分别为遵医行为、睡眠状况、社会支持情况、饮食习惯,累积方差贡献率为71.88%。结论:遵医行为、睡眠状况、社会支持情况、饮食习惯等影响城市社区老年人慢性病患病状况。应针对影响因素采取有效干预,切实提高老年慢性病患者健康水平和生活质量。

Objective:To understand the health-related behaviors of elderly patients with chronic diseases in urban communities in Shandong province and analyze the influencing factors,to provide reference for healthy aging and active aging.Method:A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 3363 elderly people in urban communities in Shandong province for questionnaire survey.Factor analysis was used to extract major health-related behaviors affecting the disease.Result:Among the elderly in the community,there were 2204 patients with chronic diseases,with a prevalence rate of 65.5%.The top 4 chronic diseases were hypertension(39.3%),diabetes(15.8%),arthritis(12.0%)and coronary heart disease(11.0%).A total of 4 common factors were extracted,which were compliance behavior,sleep status,social support status,and eating habits,the cumulative variance contribution rate was 71.88%.Conclusion:Compliance behavior,sleep status,social support status,and eating habits affect the chronic disease status of the elderly in urban communities.Effective interventions should be taken in response to influencing factors to effectively improve the health and quality of life of the elderly patients with chronic diseases.