缅北难民救助现状及问题研究

Study on Refugees Relief in Northern Myanmar

因缅甸北部民族武装冲突出现的流离失所者和战争难民数量多而分散,长期滞留、广泛聚居于中缅边境沿线缅甸一侧的城镇和村寨附近的难民点。受缅甸国情影响,难民救助成为多方博弈的盾牌和筹码,致使许多难民难以得到有效救助。难民生存状况日益恶劣,加剧了边境地区的非法流动和跨国犯罪,威胁边境安全稳定和民族团结。笔者深入到缅北多个克钦难民点进行调研和访谈,发现克钦邦八莫Robert教堂难民点的救助工作较有成效,故通过分析其救助机制及存在的问题,期望寻求解决中缅边境难民问题的深入、持久的对策。

Armed ethnic conflicts in northern Myanmar have given birth to a large number of displaced persons and war refugees,who are widely concentrated in the refugee points near the towns and villages on the Myanmar side of the China-Myanmar border for a long time.Due to the special national conditions of Myanmar,refugee relief has got a strong political color and become a shield and chip in the multi-party game,making it difficult for many refugees to get effective relief.As a result,their living conditions are become increasingly worse,which aggravating illegal flows and transnational crimes in border areas and threatening border security,stability and national unity.The author conducted an in-depth research and interviews at several Kachin refugee sites in northern Myanmar,and found that the government relief work of Bamo Robert Church refugee site in Kachin State was more effective.By analyzing its relief mechanism and existing problems,this paper expects to seek in-depth and lasting solutions to the refugee problems on the China-Myanmar border.