英国中小学教师减负策略及其启示

The Strategy of Reducing the Burden of School Teachers in the UK and Its Implication

教师工作量是影响教师心理健康与职业幸福感的重要因素。繁重的工作负担是教师流失的主要原因。20世纪末,英国教师超负荷的工作量已成为加大教师职业压力的重要因素之一,这带来了不容忽视的消极后果。为此,21世纪以来英国政府开始实施大规模的教师减负工程,致力于关注教师个人生存现状,提升教师的职业幸福感。英国政府通过采取一系列措施来减轻教师工作负担,如合理规划教师工作时间、聚焦教师核心工作、引入教学助理制度、提供网络教育资源等,取得了一定的成效。这对于解决当前我国教师工作负担过重问题具有一定的借鉴意义。

School teacher workload is an important factor affecting teachers’ mental health and teachers’ professional well-being. Excessive workload is the main reason for the loss of teachers. At the end of the 20th century,British school teacher’s excessive workload has become one of the important factors that increase the professional pressure of teachers,and the consequence cannot be ignored. For this reason,the British government has implemented a large-scale teacher burden reduction project,focusing on the individual living conditions of teachers and improving the professional well-being of teachers since the 21st century. A series of programmes to eliminate teachers unnecessary workload,such as rationally planning teacher working hours,focusing on teachers’ core work,adopting teaching assistant system,and providing network education resources,have made good achievements.This has certain reference for solving the problem of the current excessive teachers workload in China.