基于对外汉语教学的“纷纷+V”结构研究

Study on“Fenfen(纷纷)+V”Structure Based on Teaching Chinese as a Second Language

通过语料探讨分析“纷纷+V”结构的句法表现和语义特征,补充修正前人研究结论,对留学生造句偏误进行探讨。在句法结构上,“纷纷”后接双音节光杆动词的用法并不罕见,动词后接趋向补语用法应区分单、双音节两种情况。在语义特征上,副词“纷纷”具有突出的“无秩序”义,“纷纷+V”结构主语全部有[+多数]义,大多表现为[+人类]或与其相关;谓语动词全部有[+动作性]义,不局限于“有界”动作,并且可以不具有[+变化]义;从主谓语义关系看,主语应具有“非受事性”特征。

To discuss and analyze the syntactic expressions and semantic features of“fenfen(纷纷)+V”structure through corpus could supplement and correct the previous research conclusions,in addition to giving clear analyses of errors sentences made by foreign students.In terms of syntactic structure,it is not uncommon to use“fenfen(纷纷)”followed by two-syllable bare-verbs.It should be distinguished between monosyllabic and disyllabic as for the usage of directional complement after verbs.In terms of semantic feature,the adverb“fenfen(纷纷)”have a prominent meaning of“disorder”.The subjects of“fenfen(纷纷)+V”structure all contain the meaning of[+numerous],most of which are[+human]or related.The predicate verbs of“fenfen(纷纷)+V”structure are totally[+action-oriented]and not limited to“bounded”action,and they can have no meaning of[+variational]as well.From the perspective of the semantic relationship between subjects and predicates,the subjects should have the characteristic of“non-patient”.