不同类型环境规制对地方环境治理的异质性影响

The Heterogeneous Impact of Different Types of Environmental Regulations on Local Environmental Governance

将环境规制分为命令型、市场型以及非正式三类,研究不同类型环境规制对地方环境治理的影响及其异质性。研究结论表明:不同环境规制与地方环境治理之间均呈现出倒U型关系,当环境规制强度未超过拐点值时,能够有效促进地方环境治理,但也存在异质性。命令型环境规制需要滞后一段时间才能发挥对地方环境治理的显著影响;市场型环境规制对地方环境治理的显著性影响会随滞后时间延长而减弱,而非正式环境规制的显著性影响会随滞后时间延长而增强。进一步分析表明:(1)命令型环境规制对地方环境治理的显著影响只存在于经济发展较差的地区,而非正式环境规制对地方环境治理的显著影响只存在于经济发展较好的地区。(2)官员晋升考核体系变化后,市场型环境规制对地方环境治理的显著影响减弱,而非正式环境规制的显著影响增强。研究结论对于如何根据不同类型环境规制的特点,来推动地方环境治理,具有启示意义。

This paper divides environmental regulations into three categories:command-and-control environmental regulations,market-based environmental regulations and informal environmental regulations,and further studies the impact of different types of environmental regulations on local environmental governance and heterogeneity.The conclusions show that,on the whole,there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and local environmental governance,when the intensity of environmental regulation does not exceed the turning point,it can effectively promote local environmental governance,but there are also heterogeneities.It takes some time to see the impact of command-and-control environmental regulations on local environmental governance;the significant impact of market-based environmental regulations on local environmental governance diminishes over lagged time,while the significant impact of informal environmental regulations increases over lagged time.Further analysis shows that:(1)The impact of command-and-control environmental regulations on local environmental governance only exists in areas with poor economic development,whereas the significant impact of informal environmental regulations on local environmental governance only exists in areas with better economic development.(2)After the change of official promotion assessment system,the impact of market-based environmental regulations on local environmental governance becomes weak,while the impact of informal environmental regulations becomes more positive.The conclusions have a strong reference for how to promote local environmental governance and solve environmental problems according to the characteristics of different types of environmental regulations.