农村地区清洁取暖技术路线成本效益分析

Cost and Environmental Benefit Analysis of Clean Heating Technologies in Northern Rural Area

通过论述2017—2019年两个取暖季以来北方农村地区冬季清洁取暖工作所取得的进展,从运行成本、污染物排放量、单位投资环境效益等3个方面对比分析了农村地区4种主要清洁取暖技术路线——燃气壁挂炉、直热式电暖器、空气源热泵热风机、生物质+专用炉具,得出结论:从运行成本来看,生物质+专用炉具每取暖季运行成本最低,其次是空气源热泵热风机、燃气壁挂炉,直热式电暖器成本最高;从每取暖季每户污染物排放总量来看,排放量从小到大依次为空气源热泵热风机、燃气壁挂炉、直热式电暖器和生物质+专用炉具;从万元投资总减排量来看,采用生物质+专用炉具效益最高,其次是燃气壁挂炉、空气源热泵热风机、直热式电暖器。最后,对进一步推动农村清洁取暖工作提出了建议。

This paper expounded the progress of winter clean heating in northern rural areas since the two heating seasons from 2017 to 2019.It introduced four clean heating technology routes such as wall-hang gas boiler,electric heater,air-source heat pump and biomass heating stove,and compared and analyzed their operating cost,pollutant emission as well as unit investment environmental benefit.The conclusions per heating season were made as follows:the operating cost of biomass heating was the lowest,followed by air-source heat pump,wall-hang gas boiler and electric heater;the total pollutant emissions of air-source heat pump was the lowest,followed by wall hanging gas boiler,electric heater and biomass heating stove;the emission reduction per 10,000 Yuan investment of biomass heating stove was the most effective,followed by air-source heat pump,wall-hang gas boiler,and electric heater.It put forward suggestions to further promote the clean heating work in rural areas.