医养结合养老机构COVID-19疫情防控应急策略及效果分析

The analysis of nursing institution for the aged with combination of medical care and nursing’s emergency strategies for plague prevention of COVID-19 and their effects

目的:探讨医养结合养老机构新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情防控应急策略及其效果,为养老机构应对突发公共卫生事件提供参考。方法:采用回顾性研究的方法,对医养结合养老机构COVID-19疫情期间重点关注的医疗及照护指标与去年同期比较。结果:疫情暴发期间与去年同期数据相对比,老人病情变化日发生率无明显变化,但感冒相关症状日发生率[(1.67±0.94)%]较去年[(2.03±1.01)%]明显降低(P=0.015);同时,日急性发热、日转院转诊率与去年相比明显下降(P=0.000);不良事件日发生率无明显变化,但跌倒损伤日发生率[(0.007±0.044)%]与前一年[(0.030±0.090)%]相比明显下降(P=0.028)。员工日感冒相关症状[(1.11±0.81)%]与去年[(1.40±0.93)%]相比明显下降(P=0.027);日急性发热[(0.11±0.19)%]与去年[(0.19±0.26)%]相比明显下降(P=0.024);无季节性流感的发生。结论:医养结合养老机构COVID-19疫情防控应急策略总体实施效果良好,明显改善了疫情期间重点关注的医疗及照护指标,为养老机构应对突发公共卫生事件提供了参考,疫情期间形成的良好公共卫生习惯应予常态化。

Objective:To investigate the prevention and control strategy of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and its effect in elderly care institutions and to provide the reference for the emergency response to public health.Methods:Retrospective study was performed to compare medical and care indicators during COVID-19 outbreak in medical pension institutions with the same period last year.Results:During the outbreak period(January March 2020),compared with the data of the same period last year,there was no significant difference in the overall daily disease change rate for the elderly,but the daily incidence of cold and related symptoms[(1.67±0.94)%]was significantly lower than that of last year[(2.03±1.01)%](P=0.015);meanwhile,the daily incidence of acute fever and referral to hospital was significantly lower than that of last year(P=0.000);the daily incidence of adverse events was no significant difference.The daily incidence of injury[(0.007±0.044)%]was significantly lower than that in last year[(0.030±0.090)%](P=0.028).Daily cold related symptoms[(1.11±0.81)%]decreased significantly compared with last year[(1.40±0.93)%](P=0.027);daily acute fever[(0.11±0.19)%]decreased significantly compared with last year[(0.19±0.26)%](P=0.024);there was no seasonal influenza.Conclusion:The strategy of COVID-19 for prevention and control in the elderly care institutions is effective,and it significantly improves the medical and care indicators during outbreak.It provides the reference for the elderly institutions to deal with public health emergencies.The good habits for public health formed during the epidemic period should be normalized.