阶梯电价对居民电力需求和售电公司收益的影响研究

Research on impact of ladder electricity price on residential electricity demand and electricity supplier income

运用效用理论,在秩和比法优化后的阶梯电价分档数模型基础上,分析了阶梯电价对居民电力需求和企业售电收益产生的影响。根据居民年均可支配收入情况,将居民用户划分为4个层次,并通过效用理论分析阶梯电价实施后居民电力需求变化情况,从而揭示了阶梯电价对居民电力需求的影响机理。售电公司的售电量与居民电力需求量密切相关,销售电价会影响居民用电需求。因此需要结合售电量的变化趋势以及销售电价,从而确定居民的电力需求量,以及售电公司成本变化情况。通过对某市实施阶梯电价后的居民电力需求和售电公司收益进行分析得出,一是居民总体电力需求得到减少,二是保障了低收入群体的电力需求,三是售电公司售电收益也得到增加,兼顾了经济效益与社会保障。

Using the utility theory,on the basis of the tiered electricity price grading model optimized by the rank-sum ratio method,the impact of the ladder electricity price on residents’electricity demand and the income of enterprises’electricity sales is analyzed.According to the average annual disposable income of the residents,the residents are divided into four levels,and the change of the residents’electricity demand after the implementation of the tiered electricity price is analyzed through the utility theory,so as to reveal the influence mechanism of the tiered electricity price on the residents’electricity demand.The electricity sales of the electricity supplier are closely related to the electricity demand of residents,and the selling price will affect the electricity demand of residents.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the changing trend of electricity sales with the selling price,so as to determine the electricity demand of residents and the cost change of the electricity supplier.Through the analysis of the residents’electricity demand and the electricity supplier income after the implementation of the ladder electricity price in a city,the following conclusions are drawn:Firstly,the overall electricity demand of the residents is reduced;Secondly,the electricity demand of low-income groups is guaranteed;Thirdly,the electricity supplier income is also increased,giving consideration to both economic benefits and social security.