COVID-19全球疫情的挑战、反思与展望——以意大利为视角的观察

Challenges,Reflections and Prospects of the COVID-19 Global Pandemic:An Observation from Italy’s Perspective

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的蔓延对各国及全球公共卫生安全带来了前所未有的挑战。诸国应对全球疫情的不利局面显示了公共卫生安全体系的脆弱性,反映了区域乃至全球层面缺乏紧密协同与有效合作的困境。为应对COVID-19,意大利和中国采取了两类特征鲜明的策略,其共同点在于重视疫情的潜在破坏性,积极采取全面的应对措施。本次疫情暴露了意大利公共卫生治理的体制性短板,揭示了欧盟框架下危机应对机制的历史分歧和现实局限。鉴于全球疫情的灾难性影响,应当重新审视和反思国内及国际社会赖以建立和运转的基本理念和原则,推动必要的观念转变和改革进程。全球疫情凸显了区域和全球层面的既有冲突,提出了创新现有全球和区域治理的迫切需求,同时也为探索"人类命运共同体"等新理念提供了契机。

The newly emerging COVID-19 has posed unprecedented challenges to national and international public health security.The failure of various nations’responses to COVID-19 disclosed the fragility of their national public health systems and highlighted the inadequacy of regional and global coordination as well.Basically,Italy and China have adopted two distinctive types of response strategies with shared features such as considering seriously the potential destructiveness of COVID-19 and organizing swift and comprehensive national reactions.From Italy’s perspective,this pandemic exposed its national institutional shortcomings.Moreover,the deep entrenched divergences among EU members and the Union’s dysfunction loom large against this backdrop of common bio-threat.In view of the catastrophic impact,it is imperative for the whole world to review the fundamentals based on which the domestic society and international community establish and operate,and accordingly,to further the necessary conceptual transformation and commence a new round of reform process.Besides,conflicts and problems cropping up in the global pandemic reveal the urgent need to innovate global governance and carry forward the principle of international cooperation.Meanwhile,the pandemic itself will hopefully serve as a historic moment for the humanity to explore and implement new concept such as the"Community of Shared Destiny of Mankind".