延迟行钻孔外引流术治疗老年脑外伤患者的临床效果及对认知功能的影响

Clinical effect of delayed drilling and drainage in the treatment of elderly patients with brain trauma and its influence on cognitive function

目的探究延迟行钻孔外引流术治疗老年脑外伤患者的临床效果及对认知功能的影响。方法选择本院2016年6月至2019年5月收治的脑外伤老年患者72例,以随机数表法分为实验组和对比组,每组36例。对比组患者采取常规急诊开颅手术治疗,实验组患者采取延迟行钻孔外引流术治疗。比较两组患者的临床效果、认知功能以及不良反应情况。结果实验组手术时间、导管留置时间、住院时间均短于对比组,出血量少于对比组(P<0.05);实验组患者治疗后电位P300的潜伏期短于对比组,波幅大于对比组,NEF多于对比组,RSS高于对比组(P<0.05);实验组不良反应发生率明显低于对比组(P<0.05)。结论延迟行钻孔外引流术治疗老年脑外伤患者的临床效果明显,可减少手术出血量,缩短手术时间、导管留置时间及住院时间,降低术后不良反应发生率,可显著改善患者认知功能,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the clinical effect and cognitive function of delayed drilling and drainage in the treatment of elderly patients with brain trauma.Methods 72 elderly patients with brain trauma admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to May 2019 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 36 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine emergency craniotomy,while the experimental group was treated with delayed drilling and drainage.The clinical effect,cognitive function and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results The operation time,catheter indwelling timeand hospitalization time of the experimental group were shorter than hose of the control group,bleeding volumewas less than that of the control group(P<0.05).The latency of potential P300 in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group,the amplitude of potential P300 was larger than that in the control group,and NEF was more than that in the control group,RSS was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Delayed drilling and drainage has obvious clinical effect in the treatment of elderly patients with brain trauma.It can reduce the amount of bleeding,shorten the operation time,catheter indwelling time and hospitalization time,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions after operation.It can significantly improve the cognitive function of patients,and can be promoted in clinical treatment.