2000—2015年三江源区生态系统服务评估

Valuation of ecosystem services in Three-River Headwaters Region from 2000 to 2015

生态系统服务的定量评估是生态系统服务管理的基础,对开展自然资源资产化管理、生态补偿等生态文明建设具有重要意义。三江源区是我国重要生态安全屏障,开展三江源区生态系统服务评估,明晰其价值,有助于三江源区生态环境保护。依托卫星遥感影像、地面生态监测、统计数据等,分析2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年三江源区径流调节、水源供给、土壤保持、生态固碳、物种保育等生态系统服务。结果表明:15年间,三江源区生态环境保护和建设的力度不断加大,生态系统服务整体向好;生态系统服务价值从2000年的4805.58亿元增至2015年的5379.79亿元,增加幅度为12.5%;2000年、2005年、2010年和2015年单位面积生态系统服务价值分别为121.66、123.43、141.49和136.20万元/km^2;与2000年相比,2015年55.5%的区域生态系统服务价值明显提高,42.4%的区域变化不明显,仅2.1%的区域明显降低。

The quantitative evaluation of ecosystem services is the basis of ecosystem services management,which is of great significance to the construction of ecological civilization,such as asset management of natural resources and ecological compensation.Three-River Headwaters Region(TRHR)is an important ecological security barrier in China.The evaluation of ecosystem services in this region and its value clarification are helpful to improve their ecological environment protection.Based on satellite remote sensing images,ground-based ecological monitoring data,statistical data,The TRHR's ecosystem services such as hydrological regulation,water supply,soil conservation,ecological carbon sequestration and species conservation were assessed over the period from 2000 to 2015.The results showed that in the past 15 years,with the increasing efforts of the ecological environment protection and construction,its ecosystem services had been improved as a whole.Ecosystem service value increased from 480.558 billion yuan in 2000 to 537.979 billion yuan in 2015,with an increase of 12.5%.The ecological service value per area was 1.22 million yuan/km^2 in 2000,1.23 million yuan/km^2 in 2005,1.41 million yuan/km^2 in 2010 and 1.36 million yuan/km^2 in 2015,respectively.Compared with 2000,the ecosystem services value of about 55.5%area of TRHR increased significantly in 2015,while about 42.4%area had no obvious change and only about 2.1%area decreased significantly.