基于三螺旋理论的美国社区学院创新创业人才培养机制研究——以约翰逊县社区学院为例

A Study of the American Community Colleges Innovation and Entrepreneurial Talent Training Mechanism from the Perspective of the Three-helix Theory--Taking Johnson County Community College as an Example

三螺旋理论强调高校、企业与政府三方相互合作、相互耦合,实现螺旋式上升。同时,三方主体与混成组织、社会力量共同构成三螺旋立体模型。作为美国高等教育体系中的重要组成机构,社区学院在创新创业人才培养中充分体现出三螺旋的特征。美国社区学院的办学定位与我国高等职业院校接近,可为我国高等职业院校培养创新创业人才提供启示:高等职业院校要发挥主导作用,政府要提供培养保障,企业要提供全方位支持,同时创建多元混成组织并调动社会组织的力量也是必要的。

The three-helix theory emphasizes the cooperation and coupling between universities,enterprises and the government,and realize of spiral rise.At the same time,the three-way subject and mixed organization and social forces form a three-helix three-dimensional model.As an important component of the American higher education system,community colleges fully embody the characteristics of three spirals in the training of innovative and entrepreneurial talents.The educational orientation of American community colleges is comparable to that of higher vocational colleges in China.The enlightenment to the training of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in China’s higher vocational colleges lies in:higher vocational colleges play a leading role,the government provides the protection of the training of innovative and entrepreneurial talents,enterprises provide all-round support,the construction of multi-mixed organizations and the mobilization of social organizations are also necessary.