替代课堂,还是超越课堂?——关于在线教育的争鸣与反思

Replacing the Classroom or Going Beyond It?——Debates and Reflections on Online Education

学界对在线教育长期存在争议,新冠肺炎疫情期间开展的大规模在线教学将这一争议进一步放大。争议的焦点是在线教育的质量,其本质在于对技术与教育关系看法的差异,体现了不同的教育信念和价值取向。开展在线教育不是特殊时期的权宜之计,而是时代需要和历史必然。信息时代知识载体和媒介的变化,导致知识的内涵、结构、生产方式、呈现方式与传播方式都发生了巨大变化,这些变化必然导致学习和教育的变化,在线教育恰是这些变化的必然体现。这即是大力发展在线教育、推动教育变革的底层逻辑。同样,化解“人才培养悖论”、赢得大国竞争和培养创新人才也是发展在线教育的现实需求。在底层逻辑和现实需求的支持和推动下,发展在线教育不应以替代线下课堂为目的,而应满足时代和现实的迫切需求,实现推动教育变革和学习型社会建设的更高目标。在后疫情时代,线下教学应该向线上教学看齐,采取“双线教学模式”和“线上线下交换授课制”,进而打造混合式教学的“新常态”。

Online education has long been controversial in academic circles.The controversy has been amplified by massive online teaching during the COVID-19 epidemic.The focus of the controversy is the quality of online education,whose essence lies in the different views on the relationship between technology and education,reflecting different educational beliefs and values.Online education is not an expedient measure in a special period,but the need of the times and the historical necessity.The changes of knowledge carriers and media in the information age have led to great changes in the connotation,structure,production mode,presentation mode and transmission mode of knowledge.These changes will inevitably lead to the changes in learning and education.And online education is the inevitable embodiment of these changes.This is the underlying logic of vigorously developing online education and promoting educational reform.Meanwhile,resolving the“paradox of talent training”,winning the competition of big powers and cultivating innovative talents are also the practical needs of the development of online education.With the support and promotion of the underlying logic and practical needs,the development of online education should not be aimed at replacing the offline classroom,but meeting the urgent needs of the times and reality to achieve the higher goal of promoting educational reform and building a learning society.In the post epidemic era,offline teaching should keep up with online teaching,the“two-line teaching mode”and“online and offline exchange teaching system”need to be adopted,so as to create a“new normal”of mixed teaching.