广东省登革热媒介白纹伊蚊成蚊抗药性水平的调查及防控

Resistance of adult Aedes albopictus to insecticides and prevention measures of Guangdong province

目的了解广东省登革热传播媒介白纹伊蚊成蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平,为科学使用杀虫剂、快速控制登革热蚊媒密度提供依据。方法2016-2019年,选择广东省21个地级市各城区登革热疫点采集白纹伊幼虫,带回实验室饲养;采用国标《蚊虫抗药性检测方法生物测定法》(GB/T 26347-2010)中的诊断剂量法之接触通法进行检测。结果广东省21个地级市的白纹伊蚊成蚊接触3%氯菊酯、0.4%高效氯氰菊酯、0.1%溴氰菊酯、0.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯、0.2%杀螟硫磷、0.44%马拉硫磷的药膜1 h后,其24 h死亡率分别为52.2%~92.2%、24.4%~88.0%、34.7%~97.3%、64.4%~100.0%、88.1%~100.0%、84.4%~100.0%;对0.4%高效氯氰菊酯、0.1%溴氰菊酯属抗性群体的超过80%,未发现敏感种群;对3%氯菊酯大都属可疑抗性种群;对0.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯属敏感和抗性的分别为14.3%和23.8%;对0.2%杀螟硫磷、0.44%马拉硫磷属敏感种群和可疑种群分别为约60%和30%。结论广东省各地级市白纹伊蚊成蚊对菊酯类杀剂大多呈现抗性和可疑抗性,对有机磷杀虫剂多为敏感或接近敏感。白纹伊蚊的防制应坚持综合防制的原则,科学合理使用杀虫剂。

Objective To investigate the resistance status of Aedes albopictus adult to insecticides and provide a basis for scientific use of insecticide and control of dengue mosquito vector.Methods From 2016 to 2019,the larvae of Ae.albopictus were collected in epidemic regions in 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong province and brought back to the laboratory for rearing,and then were tested with the adult contact tube method,which was recommended by WHO and by national standard"Test methods of mosquito resistance to insecticides-Bioassay methods"(GB/T 26347-2010).Results Adult Ae.albopictus mosquitoes in 21 prefectural-level cities in Guangdong province were exposed to permethrin(3%),betacypermethrin(0.4%),deltamethrin(0.1%),lambda-cyhalothrin(0.5%),fenitrothion(0.2%)and malathion(0.44%)for 1 hour,and the the 24-hour mortality rates were 52.2%-92.2%,24.4%-88.0%,34.7%-97.3%,64.4%-100.0%,88.1%-100.0%and 84.4%-100.0%,respectively.More than 80%were resistant to 0.4%beta-cypermethrin and 0.1%deltamethrin;no sensitive populations were found.Most of the population were suspicious resistant to 3%permethrin.The sensitivity and resistance to 0.5%lambda-cyhalothrin were 14.3%and 23.8%,respectively.The sensitive and suspicious populations of0.2%fenthion and 0.44%malathion were about 60%and 30%,respectively.Conclusion Adult Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in various cities in Guangdong province were mostly resistant and suspicious to pyrethroid insecticides,and were mostly sensitive or near sensitive to organophosphate insecticides.The control of Aedes albopictus should adhere to the principle of comprehensive control,and use pesticides scientifically and reasonably.