2018年德州市居民主要死因及期望寿命分析

Analysis on death causes and life expectancy in residents,Dezhou city,2018

目的了解2018年德州市居民死亡情况,为制定有针对性的疾病预防控制策略提供相应的理论依据。方法对2018年德州市居民死因监测数据进行分析,通过漏报率进行死亡率调整,分别计算死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、死因顺位等居民死亡情况相关指标。结果2018年德州市居民总死亡病例48363例,死亡率为808.35/10万,男性死亡率(897.35/10万)高于女性(716.84/10万)(P<0.01),不同年龄段的死因各有特点;居民前5位死亡原因依次是心脑血管疾病(构成比58.67%)、恶性肿瘤(构成比25.17%)、意外伤害(构成比4.64%)、呼吸系统疾病(构成比3.65%)和消化系统疾病(构成比1.32%);居民总体的期望寿命为77.08岁,男性期望寿命为74.45岁,女性期望寿命为79.90岁。结论影响德州市居民健康和寿命的主要疾病为循环系统疾病和恶性肿瘤,提示慢性病已成为德州市严重的公共卫生问题。

Objective To understand the current mortality among residents in Dezhou city in 2018,so as to provide scientific basis for developing targeted strategies of prevention and control.Methods Based on the analysis of the death cause monitoring data of Dezhou residents in 2018,the mortality was adjusted through the omission rate,and the relevant indicators of the death situation of residents,such as mortality,standardized mortality,composition ratio and sequence of death causes,were calculated respectively.Results In 2018,a total of 48363 people died in Dezhou city.The crude mortalitywas 808.35/105.The mortalitywas higher in males(897.35/105)than in females(716.84/105)(P<0.01).Causes of death varied by age group.The top 5 death causes were heart/cerebrovascular diseases(constituent ratio 58.67%),cancer(constituent ratio 25.17%),accidentalinjury(constituent ratio 4.64%),respiratory diseases(constituent ratio3.65%)and gastrointestinal diseas(constituent ratio 1.32%).The life expectancy of residents in Dezhou city was 77.08 years,male life expectancy was 74.45 years and female life expectancy was 79.90 years.Conclusion Circulatory system diseases and cancer are the major diseases affecting people’s health and life in Dezhou city,indicating that chronic diseases have become serious public health problems.