我国制造业在“一带一路”沿线国家的贸易竞争性和互补性的分析

Study on the Trade Competitiveness and Complementarity of China’s Manufacturing Products Export to the Countries along"One Belt,One Road"

本文运用RTA指数、TCI指数和TCD指数对我国向“一带一路”沿线国家出口产品的竞争性、互补性以及贸易结合度进行了测度,发现在鞋类、纺织服装、机电产品和生皮的出口上,我国具有较大的国际竞争优势,与“一带一路”沿线国家的贸易互补性也较高,但产品的实际贸易结合度还有待提升。中亚与我国的贸易关系最为紧密,其次是东亚、东盟和南亚,西亚、独联体和中东欧国家与我国出口产品的贸易结合度较小。随着“一带一路”建设的不断推进,我国应充分利用产品的比较优势,加强与“一带一路”沿线国家的互补互通,实现市场的共享和资源的合理配置,以促进我国出口产品结构的优化和贸易的可持续发展。

RTA index,TCI index and TCD index are used to measure the trade competitiveness,complementari⁃ty and combination of China's products export to the countries along“one belt,one road”.The results show that China has a larger international competitive advantage in the export of footwear,textile and clothing,mechanical and electrical products,hides and skins,and the trade complementarity with the countries along the route is also high.However,the actual trade integration of products needs to be improved.The trade relations between Central Asia and China are the closest,followed by East Asia,ASEAN and South Asia.West Asia,CIS and CEE countries have a small trade integration degree with China's export products.With the construction development of“one belt,one road”,China should make full use of the comparative advantage of products,strengthen the cooperation with the countries along the route,and achieve market share and rational allocation of resources,so as to promote the optimization of China's export product structure and sustainable development of trade.