论我国合同解释规则的完善进路——《欧洲示范民法典草案》的启示

On the Perfection of the Rules of Contract Interpretation in China--Enlightenment from the Draft of European Model Civil Code

在我国2020年新颁布的《中华人民共和国民法典》(以下简称《民法典》)中,合同解释的规则仅依赖第一编“总则”第142条的现状仍有待商榷。对比《欧洲示范民法典草案》中的有关合同解释的立法和理论研究,从立法安排上看显得颇为成熟,本文认为可以在对其借鉴的基础上完善我国合同解释的规则,包括在解释基准、解释方法和解释类型等各个方面进行重构,在后续立法中推进私法自治原则的体系自洽。

In the new Civil Code of the People's Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code)promulgated in 2020,the rules of contract interpretation only rely on Article 142 of the first part of"General Provisions",which is still open to question.Compared with the legislative and theoretical research on contract interpretation in the draft of the European model civil code,it is quite mature from the legislative arrangement.This paper argues that we can improve the rules of contract interpretation in China on the basis of reference,including reconstructing interpretation basis,interpretation methods and types,and promote the autonomy of private law in subsequent legislation in the end.