驰名商标“按需认定”原则辨析

Refl ections on Principle of Need-Based Recognition of Well-known Trademarks

为了克服实践中长期存在的驰名商标异化现象,"按需认定"原则应运而生。对于"按需认定"的内涵和具体理解,向来都存在不同的认识,总体来说包括"是否认定驰名商标应取决于当事人的需要""只有为处理案件所需之目的才得认定驰名商标""是否认定驰名商标应考虑不同的请求权基础"等三种不同的理解。现有争论的存在以及司法效益原则说明"按需认定"原则具有存在的合理性基础,并亟需通过相关规定进行明确,以指导实践。"按需认定"原则的具体含义可界定如下:缺乏法定要件情形下不作驰名认定;商品相同或类似情形下不作驰名认定;可通过其它途径获得充分救济情形下不作驰名认定。但在具体适用中也应对其进行从宽把握。

The principle of need-based recognition was put forward to overcome the long-standing alienation of wellknown trademarks protection in practice.There have always been different understandings about the principle,which generally speaking include three different approaches,i.e.the need of the parties concerned,the need for the purpose of handling the case and the need to consider different basis of claims.The existence of disputes and judicial economic principle on the one hand justify the principle,and on the other hand reveal necessity of clarifying the principle from normative perspective.The principle of need-based recognition can be defined from the following aspects but shall not be addressed from a rigid way,i.e.no wellknown trademark recognition in the absence of legal requirements;no well-known trademark recognition while the same or similar goods are involved;no well-known trademark recognition while adequate remedies can be obtained by other claims.