异质性人力资本集聚与产业结构升级——基于知识溢出匹配视角

Agglomeration of Heterogeneous Human Capital and Upgrading of Industrial Structure--Based on the Perspective of Knowledge Spillover Matching

协调发展是我国转型时期的重要目标,而人力资本及知识资源分布具有明显的东部偏好。将人力资本划分为初中级人力资本与高级人力资本,选取2006-2017年中国30个省(区、市)的面板数据,运用空间杜宾模型分析中国非平衡人力资本集聚如何引导知识溢出以推进地区之间协调转型。结果表明:(1)初中级人力资本集聚与高级人力资本集聚对地区产业结构升级均有显著的促进作用,知识存量与质量对产业结构升级具有相反作用。(2)异质性人力资本集聚与知识溢出存在匹配差异,循环因果链下,致使异质性人力资本带来的知识溢出与产业结构升级所需的知识不匹配。(3)劳动力市场分割视角下,各地区对高级人力资本集聚具有“锁定效应”,知识质量溢出促进产业结构升级的通道并不顺畅。

Coordinated development is an important goal in China's transition,and the distribution of human capital and knowledge resources has an eastern preference.Human capital is divided into primary and intermediate human capital and advanced human capital.We select panel data of China's 30 provinces and cities from 2006 to 2017,and use the spatial Dubin model to analyze how China's unbalanced human capital agglomeration guides knowledge spillovers to promote coordinated transformation between regions.The results show:(1)The concentration of junior and intermediate human capital and high-level human capital have a significant role in promoting the upgrading of the regional industrial structure,and knowledge stock and quality have opposite effects on the upgrading of the industrial structure.(2)There is a matching difference between the accumulation of heterogeneous human capital and the knowledge effect.Under the circular causal chain,the knowledge effect brought by heterogeneous human capital does not match the knowledge effect required for industrial structure upgrade.(3)From the perspective of labor market segmentation,some regions have a“lock-in effect”on the accumulation of advanced human capital,and the channel for knowledge quality spillovers to promote the upgrading of the industrial structure is not smooth.