颅脑创伤气管切开后呼吸道感染病原菌分布调查分析

Investigation and analysis of pathogen bacteria distribution of respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy of craniocerebral trauma

目的:分析颅脑创伤气管切开后呼吸道感染病原菌分布情况。方法:2016年4月-2017年8月收治颅脑创伤患者68例,均给予气管切开术,并取痰液进行培养。结果:68例痰液标本中,阳性标本42例,阳性率为61.7%;共培养病原菌94株,其中革兰阴性菌65株(69.1%),革兰阳性菌21株(32.3%),真菌8株(8.5%)。结论:颅脑损伤患者气管切开术后,呼吸道感染主要有革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌及真菌三种菌群,其中最为常见的为革兰阴性菌。应尽早给予患者针对性抗菌药物治疗,降低颅脑损伤患者呼吸道感染死亡率。

Objective:To analyze the condition of pathogen bacteria distribution of respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy of craniocerebral trauma.Methods:From April 2016 to August 2017,68 patients with craniocerebral trauma were received and treated,all of which were given tracheotomy and sputum was taken for cultivation.Results:Among 68 sputum specimens,42 cases were positive,the positive rate was 61.7%.94 strains of pathogenic bacteria were co-culture,among them,there were 65 gram-negative bacteria(69.1%),21 gram-positive bacteria(32.3%)and 8 strains fungal(8.5%).Conclusion:After tracheotomy for patients with craniocerebral trauma,there were three main types of respiratory tract infection:gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria and fungi,among which gram-negative bacteria was the most common.Patients should be given targeted antimicrobial therapy as soon as possible to reduce the death rate of respiratory tract infection in patients with craniocerebral trauma.