我国茶树新品种保护发展现状及建议

Suggestions and Development Status of New Tea Variety[Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze]Protection in China

DUS测试是植物新品种保护的技术基础和品种授权的科学依据。为促进茶树育种创新,保护育种者的合法权益,提高我国茶树品种竞争力,促进茶叶产业发展,笔者对近5 a来我国茶树新品种保护申请量、授权量进行了统计分析,对茶树新品种保护存在的问题进行了归纳总结,并提出了提高品种保护水平,加强司法维权鉴定;加大宣传培训,提高育种者品种权保护意识;简化程序,提高品种权授权效率;加快完善茶树已知品种数据库;加快茶树测试操作手册和拍摄技术规程的研制的建议,以期为该领域有关人员提供参考。

DUS test(distinctness,uniformity,stability)is the basic technology of new plant variety protection and a scientific basis of variety authorization.In order to encourage varietal breeding innovation and protect the legitimate rights as well as interests of tea plant breeders,to improve the competitiveness of Chinese tea plant varieties,and to promote the development of tea industry,the authors made a statistical analysis of the amount of application and authorization for new tea varieties in recent five years in China.On the other hand,the problems existing in the protection for new tea varieties were summarized,and five suggestions are proposed to provide reference for relevant personnel in this field,i.e.,improving the variety protection level,strengthening judicial protection and identification of varietal rights,increasing publicity and training to enhance breeders'awareness of variety right protection,simplifying the procedure and improving the efficiency of variety rights authorization,accelerating the improvement of the database of known tea varieties,and accelerating the formulation of tea trees test operation manual and photography technical regulations.