银川市社区独居老年人意外伤害现况及影响因素分析

Status and Influence Factor Analysis of Accidental Injury of Elderly People Living Alone in the Community in Yinchuan City

目的了解社区独居老年人生活现况、意外伤害的发生率、种类、好发时间、地点以及意外伤害的防范需求,为有效控制和预防社区独居老年人意外伤害提供参考,为家庭访视护理提供理论依据。方法采用《银川市社区独居老年人现况及意外伤害调查表》对银川市5个社区年龄≥60岁的220名老年人进行调查。结果银川市社区独居老年人意外伤害发生率为7.37%。伤害类型以交通伤害为主,达3.69%,其次为跌伤。伤害发生时间以下午为主,占3.69%,发生地点多于家中、街道或马路;独居老年人的情绪反应中以孤独为主,达28.57%;易怒较多,达15.21%;焦虑居第三,达11.98%。在心理需求方面,96.31%希望得到亲人探望。结论银川市社区独居老年人意外伤害发生率相对较低,但孤独感较强,应鼓励子女、亲友多关心和关爱独居老年人,进一步降低意外伤害发生率,提高老年人生活质量。

Objective To study the status of elderly people living alone in the community,including incidence,type,time,place of accidental injuries and accident prevention requirements,lay the foundation for the effective control and prevention of accidental injury and provide a theoretical basis for family visiting nursing.Method A survey of 220 senior citizens aged over 60 years in 5 communities in Yinchuan City was conducted using the Investigation Status and Accidental Injury of Elderly People Living Alone in Yinchuan City.Result The incidence of unintentional injuries in elderly people living alone in Yinchuan was 7.37%.Injury types were mainly traffic injuries,up to 3.69%,followed by the fall.The emotional response of elderly people living alone was lonely,up to 28.57%.The irritability was more,up to 15.21%.The anxiety was third,up to 11.98%.In terms of psychological needs,96.31%of the respondents hoped to be visited by relatives.Conclusion The incidence of accidental injury of the elderly people living alone in Yinchuan community is relatively low,but the sense of loneliness is strong.Their children,relatives and friends should be encouraged to care for elderly people living alone,so as to further reduce the incidence of accidental injuries and improve the quality of life of the elderly.