全球新格局下中国开展水科技国际合作的背景、模式与未来展望

International cooperation background, patterns and future prospects in the field of water science and technology in the face of emerging globalization paradigm

清洁的水资源,是关乎全人类生存与持续发展的关键性资源。帮助发展中国家尤其是"一带一路"沿线欠发达国家和地区在水与环境保护领域开展能力建设,解决区域发展不平等性,是联合国面向2030年清洁饮水和环境卫生可持续发展目标的重要内涵。目前,"一带一路"沿线各发展中国家和地区所处的发展阶段及不同国家和地区在水与环境治理技术和管理水平等方面存在不同程度的差异,使得清洁饮水和环境卫生可持续发展目标在落实过程中面临诸多挑战。以中国科学院-发展中国家科学院水与环境卓越中心成立至今在水科技国际合作方面的实践探索为例,分析总结国际合作背景、落实进程与所得成效,探讨未来进一步优化水科技国际合作模式的若干关键要点,为深化"一带一路"倡议下水科技国际合作提供科学建议,以满足增进人类福祉和保护地球环境的重大需求。

Restoring and ensuring clean water resources are vital to human well-being and survival.In this context,how to assistant developing countries,especially less developed nations and territories along the Belt and Road with their capability building for water and environmental protection,and thereby reducing regional inequality in socio-economic development,have become the important connotation of the Sustainable Development Goal 6,Clean Water and Sanitation,under Agenda 2030 of the United Nations.Nonetheless,it remains challenging to achieve progress at large because varying countries and territories along the Belt and Road are undergoing distinct stages of socio-economic development,accompanied with insufficiencies and differences in water and environmental governances.Therefore,this article at first analyzes and summarizes current international cooperation background,practices,and achievements in the field of water science and technology,building upon experience derived from 7-years practices of CAS-TWAS Centre of Excellence for Water and Environment.Subsequently,the present work highlights and discusses a host of key points to be optimized further in future efforts on international scientific and technological cooperation of water and environmental protection.Overall,this article provides information beneficial for establishing and strengthening the Belt and Road scientific and technological cooperation in the water and environmental field,with the ultimate goal of satisfying ever-growing demands of humans while maintaining the Earth’s ecosystems.