食源性致病菌快速检测研究进展

Research progress in rapid detection of foodborne pathogens

食源性致病菌是影响食品安全的重要因素,会引发广泛而严重的公共卫生问题。传统的平板菌落计数法是目前检测致病菌准确且通用的方法,但它耗时费力,具有明显的滞后性。因此,开发快速、准确检测食品中的致病菌和毒素的技术并提供实时结果,对保证食品安全和减轻食源性疾病具有重要意义。近年来,各种食源性致病菌的快速检测和鉴定方法相继出现和发展。该文总结了振动光谱学、聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)和生物传感器3种最有潜力的检测方法的原理、特点和在食品产业中的应用,以期为快速检测技术的研发提供思路,并为食品产业选择致病菌的快速检测技术提供指导。

Foodborne pathogens are important factors that affect food safety and bring about extensive and serious public health problems.The traditional quantitative plating technique is accurate and commonly used,but it is time-consuming and laborious,with obvious time lag.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop rapid and accurate detection technology of pathogens and toxins in food and provide real-time results to ensure food safety and reduce foodborne diseases.In recent years,lots of rapid detection and identification methods for food borne pathogens have emerged and are developed.Among which,vibration spectroscopy,polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and biosensor are considered to possess the biggest potential.Their principles,characteristics and applications in food industry were summarized to provide references for the research and development of rapid detection technology,and to provide guidance for the selection of rapid detection technology for food industry.