斯宾诺莎几何学方法及其对“身心关系”问题的启示

Spinoza's Geometric Method and Its Enlightenment to the Problem of"Mind-Body Relationship"

斯宾诺莎在《伦理学》中所采用的几何学式论证方式,在哲学史上可谓独树一帜。同时,他解决“身心关系”问题的思路也与同时代的其他哲学家不同,看似不相关的两个理论却有着深层的内在联系。把几何学方法放在整个西方近代早期哲学方法的大背景下,通过对“分析与综合”“真观念与虚假观念”的分析研究及其与笛卡尔哲学方法的对比,更凸显斯宾诺莎的几何学方法的独特之处,并为解决他的“身心关系”问题提供可行思路。

Spinoza's geometric argumentation in Ethics is unique in the history of philosophy.At the same time,his way of thinking to solve the problem of"the relationship between body and mind"is different from that of other contemporary philosophers,and the two seemingly unrelated theories have deep internal relations.This paper puts the geometric method in the background of the whole western early modern philosophical method,through the analysis and synthesis of"true idea and false idea"and its comparison with Descartes'philosophical method,highlights the unique features of Spinoza's geometric method,and provides a feasible way to solve his"relationship between body and mind"problem.