肺爆震伤的分子机制研究进展

Research progress in molecular mechanism of blast lung injury

肺是冲击波作用于机体最为敏感的靶器官之一。因其病情严重、发展迅速、病死率高的特点,肺爆震伤一直是军事医学领域广为关注的研究课题。正常生理状态下,机体促炎与抗炎、氧化与抗氧化、促进凋亡与抑制凋亡等处于动态平衡,爆炸产生的冲击波会导致肺爆震伤,这些动态平衡被打破,引起机体生理、生化、病理等发生改变,严重者并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征和多器官功能障碍综合征,甚至导致死亡。目前关于肺爆震伤的研究主要涉及毁伤模型、发病机制、病理学变化、干预治疗等方面,已取得大量的研究成果。笔者从炎性反应、氧化应激、凋亡等方面对肺爆震伤的分子机制研究进展进行综述,为肺爆震伤的诊断、治疗和康复寻求新的靶点。

Lung is one of the most sensitive target organs of human beings under the shock waves.Due to its serious injury,rapid development and high mortality,blast lung injury has been a widely concerned research topic in the field of military medicine.In the normal physiological state,the body is in a dynamic balance between pro-inflammaton and anti-inflammation,oxidation and anti-oxidation,promoting apoptosis and inhibiting apoptosis.While blast lung injury breaks the balance and causes physiological,biochemical and pathological changes in the body,seriously leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,and eventually the mortality.So far,the researches on blast lung injury mainly involve damage model,pathogenesis,pathological changes,intervention treatment and so on,which has achieved great research findings.In the review,the authors summarize the progress of molecular mechanism for blast lung injury from the perspective of inflammatory reaction,oxidative stress,apoptosis and so on,which may promote the discovery of new targets for the diagnosis,treatment and rehabilitation intervention of blast lung injury.