平行砂轮超声磨削刀柄设计与加工试验研究

Design and machining experiment research of ultrasonic grinding tool holder with parallel grinding wheel

针对目前超声磨削谐振系统中磨具尺寸较小的现状,提出了砂轮变幅器设计原理。设计了平行砂轮的纵弯谐振超声磨削主轴刀柄,由纵向振动变幅杆、横向弯曲振动平行砂轮、换能器、套筒、导电滑环、标准接口刀柄组成。通过阻抗分析、振幅测量实验,研究了超声磨削主轴刀柄的谐振特性。以磨削速度、进给速度和磨削深度为变量,完成了有无超声状态下Si Cp/Al复合材料单因素正交磨削加工试验。结果表明:超声磨削可以显著降低磨削力、降低表面粗糙度、提高零件表面质量。为进一步改善超声磨削刀柄结构、磨削工艺,提高加工效果提供了技术支持。

In view of the small size of the grinding tool in the ultrasonic grinding resonance system,the design principle of the wheel amplitude transformerwas proposed.A parallel wheel spindle device of ultrasonic grinding was designed.The spindle device was composed of longitudinal vibration horn,transversal vibration parallel grinding wheel,transducer,sleeve,conductive slip ring and standard interface tool handle.The resonant characteristics of the spindle device were compared and researched byimpedance analysis experiment andamplitude measurement.With grinding speed,feed speed and grinding depth as variables,the single factor orthogonal grinding experiments of SiCp/Al composites with or without ultrasound were performed.The results showed that ultrasonic grinding has many merits than traditional grinding.Grinding force was significantly reduced.Surface roughness was also reduced.Meanwhile,the surface quality was improved.The results provide technical support for further improving the structure of the ultrasonic grinding tool holder,the grinding process andpromoting the processing effect.