微生物还原固化技术在铀尾矿(渣)渗水污染防控中的应用

Application of bio-reduction and immobilization technology in seepage pollution control for uranium tailings

基于对我国铀尾矿(渣)库渗水排放及处理现状的分析,为解决石灰中和存在的反酸、污染物持续溶出等问题,提出了微生物还原固化铀的污染源头防控思路。调查了铀的物质特性以及微生物与铀的相互作用机理、影响因素等研究现状,确定了微生物还原固化技术对铀尾矿(渣)渗水治理的适用性和技术可行性。分析和展望了铀尾矿(渣)库的污染防控需求,明确了微生物还原固化技术应用前景的广阔性。结合技术研究现状,提出了工程应用的主要难点包括维持并最大化微生物在特定环境中的功能、优化微生物注入的工程技术方案两个方面,这是微生物还原固化效果长期稳定性的关键所在。

In order to avoid the problems of acid regurgitation and continuous dissolution due to lime neutralization reaction, a bio-reduction and immobilization technology to source controlling of seepage pollution from uranium tailings is suggested, based on analysis of seepage discharge treatment of uranium tailings in China. According to the investigation on research status of properties of uranium, mechanism and influencing factors of microorganism and uranium, the feasibility of microbial technology in seepage treatment of uranium tailings is determined. The demand of the pollution control of uranium tailings is clarified with the application prospect of bio-reduction technologies and difficulty analysis on maintaining and maximizing microbial function in a given environment and optimizing the engineering program of microbial injection, which are key factors of long term stability of the technology.