陕西省铅锌矿资源特征及时空分布规律概论

A Preliminary Study of the Characteristics of Lead-Zinc Deposits in Shaanxi Province and Their Distribution Laws

陕西省铅锌矿产资源丰富,为省内优势矿种。笔者在《中国矿产地质志·陕西卷》研编成果的基础上,对陕西省铅锌矿的矿床类型、资源特点及其时空分布规律等进行了较全面的总结。依据主要成矿作用,将铅锌矿床(成因/工业)类型划分为4个类型(三级分类)、7个亚类型(四级分类),并对各矿床类型作了简要阐述。铅锌矿的资源特点是:矿产地数量多,但地理分布不均衡;矿床类型多样,但以层控热液型为主;大中型矿床数量少,但资源量占比大;共、伴生铅锌矿床数较多,但资源量占比小。铅锌矿成矿时代跨度大,从新元古代到中生代均有产出,但以晚古生代(华力西期)最为重要。在空间分布上,大、中型规模的铅锌矿床主要集中分布于南秦岭成矿带(Ⅲ66B)的凤县太白成矿亚带(Ⅳ66B 1)和镇安旬阳成矿亚带(Ⅳ66B 3),并分别形成凤县太白铅锌矿集区和旬阳泗人沟南沙沟矿铅锌集区2个重要矿集区。

Shaanxi Province is rich in lead-zinc resources and lead-zinc is the dominant mineral of the province.This paper summarizes the types,characteristics,and time-and-space distribution of lead-zinc deposits in Shaanxi Province based on“China Mineral Geology,Shaanxi Volume”and divides the lead-zinc deposits(genesis/industrial)into 4 types and 7 subtypes according to mineralization.The characteristics of lead-zinc deposits are:a large number of orefields but with uneven distribution;multiple types of deposits but dominated by layered hydrothermal type;small number of medium or large scale deposits,but a big proportion in total resources;much more paragenetic-and-associated lead-zinc deposits but a small proportion in total resources.Metallogenic epoch of the lead-zinc deposits spanned from Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic,among which the late Paleozoic(Hualixi period)being the most important.In space,medium and large scale lead-zinc deposits are mainly distributed in the Fengxian-Taibai(Ⅳ-66B-1)and Zhen an-Xunyang(Ⅳ-66B-3)metallogenic sub-belts of the South Qinling metallogenic belt(Ⅲ-66B),hence formed two important lead-zinc concentrated areas of Fengxian-Taibai and Sirengou-Nanshagou.