抽水蓄能电站侧式进出水口四流道布置体型试验研究

Study on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Side Inlet and Outlet with Four Channels in Pumped Storage Power Station

针对抽水蓄能电站中广泛采用的四流道进出水口体型,进行水力特性试验研究。结果表明,在进水口收缩段末端处,分流中墩的后撤距离宜取边墩间距的0.8~1.1倍,而边墩间距宜取收缩段末端宽度的0.4~0.5倍,此时进水口正反向流动水力学指标同时满足设计规范要求。进水口前漩涡流态主要与雷诺数Re有关,当Re<4.5×107时,防涡梁上部不会出现有害漩涡;当Re=7.4×107时,会出现4类非挟气贯通性漩涡;当Re=1.0×108时,会出现6类贯通性吸气漩涡。进水口水头损失试验会受到水流黏滞性影响,为保证水流处于阻力平方区,模型雷诺数一般应大于3×104。上述成果可为类似工程的设计与研究提供参考。

This paper studies the hydraulic characteristics of the four-channel inlet and outlet layout widely used in pumped storage power stations.The results show that:The backward distance of the middle diversion pier at the inlet contraction end is 0.8~1.1 times of the lateral distance between the two side piers,and the lateral distance between the side piers is 0.4~0.5 times of the width of the contraction end,so the hydraulic indicators of the forward and reverse flowing water at inlet meet the design specifications at the same time.The vortex flow pattern in front of the inlet is mainly related to the Reynolds number(Re).No harmful vortex appears on the upper part of the anti-vortex beam when the Re number is less than 4.5×107,however there will be four types of non-aerated penetrating vortex as the Re number reaches 7.4×107,and six types of the full-penetrating air-entraining vortex as the Re number reaches 1.0×108.The head loss test of the inlet is also affected by the flow viscosity.In order to ensure that the model flow is in the resistance square area,the Reynolds number of the model should be greater than 3×104.The above research results can serve as a reference for the design of similar projects.