六盘山特色灌木植物种子生物学特性与萌发研究

Biological Characteristics and Germination of Seedsof Characteristic Shrubs in Liupan Mountains

以甘肃山楂、葱皮忍冬、栓翅卫矛、卫矛、水栒子、胡枝子、山梅花和牛奶子8种植物种子为试材,通过开展种子生物学特性调查,以期掌握硬实种子类型,为进一步破除种子休眠奠定基础。结合萌发试验研究,设置45℃温水浸泡48 h、98%H2SO4浸泡30 min和98%H2SO4浸泡45 min 3个处理,探讨8种植物种子的萌发和休眠情况。结果表明:山梅花种子室温下发芽率达96.2%,发芽整齐度好,无休眠现象;栓翅卫矛、卫矛、水栒子、牛奶子种子沙藏后,经98%H2SO4浸泡45 min处理,发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),为其最适萌发条件;胡枝子、甘肃山楂种子沙藏后,经98%H2SO4浸泡30 min处理,发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),为其最适萌发条件;葱皮忍冬种子沙藏后,发芽率在45℃温水浸泡48 h处理时达到最大,分别较98%H2SO4浸泡处理显著增加7.5%、25.7%,发芽指数与活力指数变化规律一致,均在45℃温水浸泡48 h处理下有最大值,说明该种子更适合在45℃温水浸泡48 h条件下打破休眠。

With Crataegus kansuensis Wils.,Lonicera ferdinandii Franch.,Euonymus phellomanus Loes.,Euonymus alatus(Thunb.)Sieb.,Cotoneaster multiflorus Bge.,Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.,Philadelphus incanus,Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.as experimental materials,the investigation on biological characteristics was carried out to master types of hard seeds and lay a foundation for breaking seed dormancy.Setting 3 treatments of 45℃and in warm water soaking for 48 h,in 98%H2SO4 soaking for 30 min,and in 98%H2SO4 soaking for 45 min to discuss seed germination and dormancy of the 8 kinds of shrubs.The results showed that germination rate of Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.seeds in room temperature was 96.2%,good uniformity without dormancy.The germination rate,germination index and vigor index of seeds of Euonymus phellomanus Loes.,Euonymus alatus(Thunb.)Sieb.,Cotoneaster multiflorus Bge.and Elaeagnus umbellate Thunb.were significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05)when the seeds were treated by sand storage and soaked in 98%H2SO4 for 45 min(the optimum germination condition).The germination rate,germination index and vigor index of seeds of Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.and Crataegus kansuensis Wils.were significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05)when the seeds were treated by sand storage and soaked in 98%H2SO4 for 30 min(the optimum germination condition).When the seeds of Lonicera ferdinandii Franch.were treated by sand storage and soaked in 45℃warm water for 48 h,the seed germination was the highest,7.5%and 25.7%higher than that of 98%H2SO4 treatments,respectively;and germination index and vigor index all had the maximum when the seeds were soaked in 45℃for 48 h,which shows that the condition is more suitable for breaking dormancy.