国土空间用途管制的特征、模式与制度体系

The Character,Model,and Institution System of Land Use Regulation

国土空间规划是在社会主义市场经济条件下完善空间治理体系的制度设计,而用途管制则是将未来的规划目标转化为现实的具体行动。在国土空间规划背景下,用途管制的内涵已经大大扩展。与国土空间规划不同,用途管制具有依据的未来性、基础的现实性及利益的平衡性特征。在国家确定的制度框架条件下,为应对市场机制的不确定与社会需求的变化,创新管制方式,建立一种兼顾确定性与灵活性的分类管制模式,以提升用途管制效能。为平衡社会利益、维护公共利益,实现社会的公平公正,则需要尽快完善规范权力运行的法规体系、精准运作的技术标准体系及涉及社会公平的政策体系。

National land use and spatial plan is an institutional design to integrate spatial governance under socialist market economy,and land use regulation is an action that turns planning objective into reality.The content of land use regulation has been largely expanded in national land use and spatial planning system.Land use regulation is futuristic in objectives,realistic in basis,and balanced in interests.In response to the market uncertainty and social needs,a new regulation model that balances rigidity and flexibility is needed to improve land use regulation efficacy.Moreover,a legislative system,a technical standard system,and a policy system is needed to balance social interests,protect public benefit,and achieve social equity.