高校学生线上学习适应性研究与教育对策

Research on the Adaptability of College Students'Online Learning and Educational Countermeasures

2020年春季学期全国各地高校纷纷开展线上教学活动,学生线上学习适应性直接影响学习效果。通过对749名高校在校生进行问卷调查,分析学生线上学习适应性,结果表明:大学生线上学习适应性总体水平不高,存在显著的性别、年级差异;线上学习适应性各影响因素的重要程度与线下学习差异大,学习能力成为大学生线上学习适应性的首要影响因素;大学生线上学习适应性各维度在专业类别、是否独生、父母受教育程度、家庭月收入上存在差异。为提升高校学生学习适应性,高校应进一步优化教育内容结构,全面提升学生自主学习能力,应聚焦群体差异性,注重增强女生群体、低年级群体线上学习适应性;教育主管部门、在线教学平台、高校及家庭应多方协同努力,改善学生线上学习环境;家庭应注重对学生学习环境适应性的教养。

In the spring semester of 2020,online teaching activities were carried out in colleges and universities all over the country.Students'online learning adaptability directly affects the learning effect.This paper makes a questionnaire survey on 749 college students and analyzes their online learning adaptability.The results show that the overall level of online learning adaptability of college students is not high,and there are significant gender and grade differences;the importance of each influencing factor of online learning adaptability is different from that of offline learning,and learning ability becomes the primary influencing factor of online learning adaptability of college students.There are differences in major category,singleton,parents'education level and family monthly income.In order to improve the learning adaptability of college students,colleges and universities should further optimize the structure of education content,comprehensively improve students'autonomous learning ability,focus on group differences,pay attention to enhance the online learning adaptability of female students and low-grade groups;education authorities,online teaching platforms,universities and families should make concerted efforts to improve students'online learning environment;families should pay attention to the cultivation of students'adaptability to learning environment.