乡村振兴视阈下完善农村闲置宅基地利用的构想

Concept of the Utilization of Rural Idle Homestead From the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

农村闲置宅基地是由经济、历史、社会、文化多方面原因造成。乡村振兴背景下农村闲置宅基地带来的农民财产性收入受损、人地矛盾激化、生态和社会等问题亟待解决。目前农村闲置宅基地在利用过程中存在传统城乡土地二元结构具有局限性、市场流转机制不健全、配套政策法规不完善、风险防控体系不完备的问题。通过对德国、日本以及荷兰乡村闲置土地利用的实践考察,其特色发展、合理融资、生态保护给我们提供了有益启示。我国农村闲置宅基地的利用应从多策并举促进城乡融合发展、构筑有序的市场流转机制、建立完备的配套政策法规以及构建系统的风险防控体系等方面进行完善,为盘活农村闲置宅基地,优化土地利用率,促进乡村振兴提供帮助。

Rural homestead is left idle mainly out of many reasons in economy, history, society and culture. Under the background of rural revitalization, problems caused by the idle homestead such as the loss of farmers’ property income, the intensification of contradictions between people and land, and the ecological and social problems need to be solved urgently. At present, there are some problems in the utilization of rural idle homestead, such as single mode, lack of platform, shortage of funds, poor regulation and large risk. The investigation of rural idle homestead in Germany, Japan and the Netherlands, provides us with useful enlightenment in its characteristic development, reasonable financing and ecological protection. The utilization of rural idle homestead in China should be improved from the aspects of enriching the utilization mode, improving the market construction, strengthening the financing guarantee, improving the supervision and management, strengthening the risk control, etc., so as to provide help for invigorating the rural idle homestead, optimize the land utilization rate and promote the rural revitalization.