从分析到评析:分析能力的基本层级与发展趋势

From Analysis to Evaluation:Levels and Trend of the Analytical Ability

“分析”是非常重要的认知能力,在阅读测验中,许多试题聚焦于这一能力。以往,阅读评价更多地关注概括、归纳;近年来,大部分省市高考命题实践聚焦于材料内部关系的分析,以及材料与观点的关系分析;部分地区在“分析”能力的基础上提出更高要求,要求读者对文本的价值和文本运用的手法进行评价,提出了对“评析”能力的要求,这一发展趋势应引起语文教学和评价的重视。

As an important cognitive ability,“analysis”is the focus of many questions in the reading test.Questions of reading evaluation used to focus more on generalization and summarization.However,in recent years,the papers in most provinces and cities have gradually focused on the analysis of the internal relationship between reading materials and the relationship between materials and opinions.Some regions even set a higher requirement on the basis of“analysis”ability,that is,the“evaluation”ability,requiring students to evaluate the value and writing techniques of the text.This trend should arouse the attention of Chinese teaching and evaluation circles.