英国小学科学学业测评框架与试题情境探析

An Analysis on Science Academic Assessment Framework and Test Context in England

2016年英国开展了国家新课程实施后的首次科学学业测评。测评采用纸笔测验和教师主导评估两种方式,将终结性评价与过程性评价结合起来。纸笔测验将内容领域与认知领域结合构建测评框架,具有明显的知识取向;试题以“试题单元”的形式设置,有利于知识的整合,试题情境多局限于学校和学生日常生活,缺少更广泛范围的素材,文字描述类试题较多。教师主导评估作为一种过程性评价和表现性评价,对测评学生的科学探究与实践能力、弥补纸笔测验的不足有重要价值。英国科学学业测评框架与试题设计对我国科学教育质量监测具有一定借鉴价值,同时需要我们不断反思并把握科学学业测评的方向。

In 2016,England launched the first science curriculum assessment after the implementation of the new national curriculum.The paper-and-pencil test and teacher assessment are used in the assessment,which combines the summative evaluation with the process evaluation.The paper-pencil test combines the content field with the cognitive field to construct the evaluation framework,which has obvious knowledge orientation.The test questions are set in the form of“test unit”,which is conducive to the integration of knowledge.The background of the test questions is mostly confined to the daily life of schools and students,and there is a lack of more extensive materials.Teacher assessment,as a process evaluation and performance evaluation,is of great value in assessing students’scientific inquiry and practical ability and making up for the deficiencies of paper-and-pencil tests.The framework and test design of England scientific academic assessment have some enlightenment on the quality monitoring of scientific education in China.At the same time,we need to constantly reflect on and grasp the direction of scientific academic assessment.