基于美国解密发明信息的国防专利转移效果特征研究

Research on the Transfer Effect Characteristics of National Defense Patents Based on American Decryption Invention Information

[目的/意义]研究美国国防专利转移效果特征,对改进我国国防专利制度,提升国防专利转移绩效具有重要意义。[方法/过程]通过技术创新、扩散渠道、扩散效果、社会环境4个维度提出国防专利技术转移效果应具备的特征,基于美国解密发明信息,通过专利转移分析,深度剖析美国国防专利转移效果的相关数据。[结果/结论]研究结果得出美国国防专利转移效果特征为保密发明解密周期短、专利权利人创新实力强、专利军民融合程度高、专利许可需求程度高、专利转移产出规模大、公共服务体系完善、专利转移机构专业化、重视大众传播媒介、专利转移政策导向明确、专利转移机制保障有效、专利转移具有产业聚集效应等特征,并提出加强我国国防专利转移的建议。

[Purpose/Significance]It is of great significance to study the characteristics of the transfer effect of US national defense patents for improving Chinese national defense patent system and the performance of national defense patent transfer.[Method/Process]The characteristics of technology transfer effect of national defense patents were put forward through four dimensions of technology innovation,diffusion channel,diffusion effect and social environment.Based on the declassified invention information of the US,the relevant data of technology transfer effect of American national defense patents were analyzed in depth via patent transfer analysis.[Result/Conclusion]The characteristics of American national defense patent transfer effect are:short period of secret invention declassification,strong innovation power of patentee,high degree of integration of military and civil patent,high demand for patent license,large scale of patent transfer output,perfect public service system,specialization of patent transfer mechanism,emphasis on mass media,clear guidance of patent transfer policy,effective patent transfer mechanism,and the industry cluster effect of patent transfer.Some suggestions on how to strengthen the transfer of national defense patents are given at last.