四种小豆粒色的遗传分析

Genetic analysis of four seed coat colours in Adzuki Bean

【目的】分析小豆不同粒色的遗传方式及其分离规律,提供粒色基因定位和克隆分离群体,为小豆品质育种提供理论依据。【方法】利用经典孟德尔遗传学研究方法,鉴定3个杂交组合的F2代分离群体和F2∶3家系的表型,进行不同分离模式的卡方检验,确定其遗传方式及分离规律,预测亲本的基因型。【结果】淡褐粒色对红粒色为显性遗传,受单基因控制。淡褐粒色对白粒色受2对基因控制,淡褐粒色对红粒色为显性,红粒色对白粒色为显性,红/白基因对淡褐/红基因具有隐性上位作用。灰底黑斑粒色对红粒色为显性,受2对基因遗传控制。【结论】小豆不同粒色遗传受不同基因型控制,白色是小豆种皮的基础色。

【Objectives】To analyze genetic model and segregation of seed-coat colours in adzuki bean, segregating populations were constructed for mapping and cloning the genes, provide theoretical basis for quality breeding of adzuki bean.【Methods】The individual seed coat colour of F2 and F2∶3 segregating populations from three hybrid combinations were investigated,and segregating model and inheritance of seed coat colour were analyzed by classical Mendelian genetic method and chi-square test. The parents’ genotypes were predicted.【Results】The phenotype of light brown seed coat colour is dominant to red seed coat colours, and is controlled by a genetic locus. Light brown is dominant to red and white seed coat colour, and controlled by two loci. Red to white is dominant and controlled by single locus, white is recessive epistasis to red and light brown seed coat colours. Black mottle on grey is dominant to red and controlled by two loci. 【Conclusion】Inheritance of different seed coat colours is controlled by different genetypes. White is the basic seed coat colour in adzuki bean.