自由与福祉:传染病防控措施的伦理正当性研究

Freedom and Well-being:A Study of Ethical Justification for Measures to Prevent and Control Infectious Diseases

人类历史上暴发的每一次传染病危机都对人民生命安全与身体健康产生重大影响。预防传染病采取的各种措施也伴随着一系列伦理问题。所有传染病的防控措施都会在保证公共健康的重要性与个体的自由与福祉之间形成张力,这些个体的自由可能会以维护公共健康的名义受到伤害。仅凭某种形式的强制干预可以预防伤害这一事实,但不足以认为这些干预措施在伦理上是可接受的。在公共卫生领域采取强制性干预措施的伦理正当性及其影响因素应当加以充分考虑。

Every infectious disease crisis in human history has a significant influence on people's life safety and physical health.Various measures taken to prevent them are accompanied by a series of ethical issues.The prevention and control of all infectious diseases creates a tension between the importance of protecting public health and the freedom and interests of individuals whose freedom may be compromised in the name of public health.The fact that some forms of coercive intervention can prevent harm is not enough to make such interventions ethically acceptable.The ethical justification and necessary conditions for mandatory interventions in public health should be fully considered.