老年住院患者跌倒伤害的危险因素研究

Research on risk factors of fall injury for elderly inpatients

目的探讨老年住院患者跌倒伤害的危险因素,为跌倒预防提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法收集161例发生跌倒的老年住院患者临床资料及跌倒伤害程度,对临床资料进行跌倒伤害程度危险因素的单因素分析,同时进行二分类Logistic回归分析。结果跌倒伤害程度中无伤害或轻度伤害106例,中重度伤害55例,Logistic回归分析显示导致中重度伤害的主要因素:年龄(OR=1.773,95%CI为1.186~2.650)、意识状态改变(OR=6.575,95%CI为3.082~14.029)、步态虚弱及平衡改变(OR=3.192,95%CI为1.857~5.486)。结论老年住院患者发生跌倒伤害程度较轻,多为无伤害或轻度伤害。而低龄、意识状态改变、步态虚弱及平衡改变是导致老年住院跌倒患者中重度伤害的危险因素。

Objective To study the risk factors of fall injury for elderly inpatients to provide reference for falls prevention.Method Collect clinical information and fall injury level on 161 cases of fall for elderly inpatients by retrospective study.Make single factor analysis on risk factors of fall injury level from clinical information and make two-classification Logistic regression analysis.Result There are 106 cases of non-injury or mild injury and 55 cases of medium and severe injury.Logistic regression analysis shows that age(OR=1.773,95%CI 1.186~2.650),change of conscious state before fall(OR=6.575,95%CI 3.082~14.029),weak steps and change of balance(OR=3.192,95%CI 1.857~5.486)are main risk factors of medium and severe injury.Conclusion Fall injury level of elderly inpatients is low,mostly non-injury or mild injury.Young age,change of conscious state,weak steps and change of balance are risk factors of more severe injury.