讲述家庭故事:媒介记忆实践、界定仪式与传播赋权——基于“族印”口述历史纪录片计划的个案研究

Telling Family Stories:Media Memory Practice,Definitional Ceremony,and Communication Empowerment

大众传媒时代,媒介在建构社会记忆中扮演着重要的角色,社会记忆往往通过具体的媒介生产和传播得以表达、维持和重构。本研究以“族印”口述历史纪录片计划为案例,将其视为一种媒介记忆实践,聚焦口述历史纪录片的生产和传播过程,观照家庭故事的传播如何建构意义、记忆、认同和关系,以及如何影响赋权。该实践的传播过程作为一种“界定仪式”,深刻形塑着媒介记忆生产者对家人以及社会历史的认知与情感,促进家庭成员之间的深度沟通和理解,从而在公开的故事讲述行动中重新界定主体的身份认同与家庭关系。并且,该实践的传播过程促进了赋权,在个体层面,该实践赋予主体讲述并反思家庭故事和社会历史的机会和权利,形塑批判性意识;在社群层面,该实践为一些被边缘化的弱势群体赋权,促进社会介入性的行动;在社会层面,该实践打捞和挖掘普通人被遗忘的、被压抑的记忆,以有血有肉的生命故事、丰富多元的历史细节,为口述历史和民间记忆赋权。

This study takes the“Family Album”Oral History Video Project as a case,and regards it as a media memory practice.It focuses on the production and communication practice of the oral history documentaries,examining how the communication of family stories constructs meanings,memories,identities and relationships,as well as how it influences empowerment.The communication process of the practice,as a“definitional ceremony”,promotes the deep communication and understanding among family members,so as to redefine the subjects’identities and family relationships in the public storytelling actions.Further,the communication process of the practice promotes empowerment at the individual,community and social levels,thus shaping critical consciousness and interventional actions in oral histories and folk memories.