文化线路建构的事件驱动与文明驱动

Event and Civilization Motivation of Cultural Route Construction

1987年始于欧盟遗产计划的“文化线路”经由“丝绸之路”及“南美印加帝国线路”等国际跨境系列遗产申遗推动,已经从单纯遗产保护合作转变为当代国际社会经济、文化交流合作的新载体。然而,大量诸如奴隶之路、熏香之路、朝圣之路等文化线路遗产并不能归入上述文明连接的范畴。由此,本文通过梳理文化线路承载文化交流的核心定义,基于文化人类学对文化认知结构、文化传播性特征等研究视野,将文化线路类型分为事件驱动型和文明驱动型两类,并以案例形式阐明两类文化线路在驱动力、传播文化内容及其动态性上的异同关系。

The“Cultural Route”which began in 1987 in the European Union Heritage Project has been promoted by the international cross-border series of heritage applications,such as the Silk Road and the Inca Empire route in South America,and has moved from a simple heritage cooperation to contemporary international social,economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation.However,a large number of such Routes as Slave Route,Incense Route and Pilgrimage Route cannot be evaluated in the way of above-mentioned connection of civilizations.Therefore,by sorting out the core definition of cultural communication carried by cultural routes,and based on the research perspective of cultural anthropology on cultural cognitive structure and cultural dissemination characteristics,this paper establishes the Typology of Cultural Routes with Event-Driven and Civilization-Driven ones,and consequently illustrates the similarities and differences of Two-Type Cultural Routes in the driving force,communication content and its dynamic with cases study..