论有前科公民就业限制的立法及其完善

On the Legislation of Employment Restrictions on Citizens with Criminal Records and Its Improvement

有前科公民是一个人数庞大且不断增长的社会群体。在我国现行法律、行政法规、部门规章和地方性法规中,存在很多对他们就业的限制。这些限制如果规定得不合理,不仅会损害他们的劳动权,还会产生负面的社会效果。从公民权利角度和社会效果角度进行审视可以发现,现行就业限制规定存在限制范围过大、终身限制过多和立法层次过低等三个主要问题。为了解决这些问题,应当在立法上确定合理的限制范围,设置适当的存续期限,并明确不同位阶法律的设定权。

Citizens with criminal records are an increasing social group containing plenty of people.There are many restrictions on their employment in the current laws,administrative regulations,State Council departmental rules,and local regulations in our country.If not rational,these restrictions would not only damage their labor rights,but also cause negative social effect.By Examining these restrictions in the dimensions of both citizen rights and social effect,three main problems can be found:their ranges are too wide;lifelong restrictions are excessive;and the legislative levels are too low.To solve these problems,the employment restrictions should be modified with equitable ranges and proper durations and the enactment rights of legislation in different levels should be clarified.