地方性规范:作为乡村扩展秩序的基础

Local Norms:The Basis of Extended Order in Rural China

地方性规范展示乡村社会秩序的一般面貌,既表明其内生于村社共同体生活中,又反证国家建构性外部规范对乡村社会生活的介入不仅意义有限还可能越出其作用的边界。基层公共体制运用地方性规范资源并将其行政化、伦理化和关系化,是出于维护乡村社会稳定的经验主义治理策略,这既会造成基层公共权威和法治权威的弱化,也会妨碍乡村社会秩序向自治秩序的转型。以个人权利和社会权利为核心推进乡村社会秩序变革,就是推动地方性规范从伦理本位的秩序观转向权利本位的秩序观的递嬗,亦即乡村社会扩展秩序的建构就确立在以乡村权利开放为中心对地方性规范性质不断地重新阐释和定义过程当中。

The regionalization,cronyism and relativization of local norms are empirical governance strategies in order to keep rural stability by using traditional resources.These will decimate the authority of the public and the law,and also become the stumbling blocks in the transformation from the traditional order to modern order.Promoting rural extended order,based on relationship of rights,involves the gradual evolution and conversion from family-centered order to social-centered order.Local norms show the essence of country social autonomy,and the extended order should be built on local norms and social rights,which will constantly redefine the rural social relations.