近代上海票友义演助赈活动——以《申报》相关刊载为中心的考察

The Charity Performance and Relief Activities of Modern Shanghai Amateur Performers——An Investigation Centering on Relevant Publications of Shun Pao

票友是近代上海戏剧界异常活跃的一个群体。义演是票友参与社会演出的特殊形式,肩负着赈济灾荒的社会公益属性。由于义演的规模一般较大,参与人数众多,受经费限制,广泛邀请票友助阵成为当时减省开支的最佳选择。于票友而言,参与义演不仅能够突破个人自娱的局限,还可展现其社会责任心,进而提升演出者的名声。通过义演活动,票友在社会认可和个体心理两方面均完成了由“自娱”向“娱人”的过渡转化。《申报》等大众媒体在此过程中起到了重要的宣传作用,使得公众对名票的追逐热情不断高涨,进一步促进了上海戏剧市场的发展。

The group of amateur performers was an extremely active community in the circle of modern Shanghai drama in modern China.Charity performance was a special situation in which amateur performers participated in social performances and it shouldered the responsibility of disaster relief.In order to cut down the expenditures,the best choice for charity performers was to invite amateur performers to support them at that time because of its characteristics of the large scale,the large number of participants and the limited funds.To the amateur performers,participating in charity performances could not only break through the limitations of personal self-entertainment,but also show their sense of social responsibility,and then their reputations could be enhanced.Amateur performers brought about the transition from“entertaining themselves”to“entertaining others”in both social recognition and individual psychology by completing charity performances.During this process,Shun Pao and some other mass media played an important role of publicizing,which made the public’s enthusiasm for the pursuit of theater tickets continue to rise,further promoting the development of the drama market in Shanghai.