语言扶贫的理论逻辑、经验支持与实现路径

The Theoretical Logic,Empirical Support and Realization Path of Language for Poverty Alleviation

语言扶贫是扶贫同扶志、扶智相结合的重要举措之一,其必要性和可能性主要表现在:(1)语言扶贫有其内在的理论逻辑,即语言的人力资本属性、产业属性和制度属性。三种属性是有机联系的整体。(2)语言扶贫有独特优势,即利用语言资源可以产生规模、协同和代际效应,创造绿色、低碳GDP,实现真脱贫。(3)语言扶贫已获得较多的经验和实证支持。语言扶贫的实现路径有:积极考察普通话能力的影响因素,提高以普通话为基础的语言能力对贫困地区的发展贡献率;推普过程中注重考察习得者年龄和少数民族语言同汉语的语言距离等影响因素;开发、利用少数民族语言资源,把少数民族语言产业同旅游产业、翻译产业等结合起来,多渠道推广少数民族语言产品(语言服务);面向市场需求,发展外语培训市场,开展语言职业教育。

Language for poverty alleviation combined with supporting the will and wisdom is one of the important measures of poverty alleviation.Its necessity and possibility are mainly reflected as follows.Language for poverty alleviation has its inherent theoretical logic,that is,the language is human capital,institution and can construct industry.The three attributes are a comprehensive system.Language for poverty alleviation has its unique advantages.The use of language resources can produce generate scale,synergy and intergenerational effects,create green and low-carbon GDP,and achieve real poverty alleviation.Language for poverty alleviation has gained more experience and empirical support.The ways to language for poverty alleviation are as follows.Investigate the influencing factors of popularizing Mandarin Chinese and improve the contribution rate of Mandarin Chinese ability to poor areas;Pay attention to the factors such as the age of the learners and linguistic distance between the minority language and Mandarin Chinese;Develop and utilize the minority language resources,combine the minority language industry with tourism industry and translation industry,and promote the minority language products(language services)through multiple channels;Develop the foreign language training market and carry out language vocational education in response to the market demand.