风险认知偏差与风险语境中的媒体

Risk Cognitive Bias and the Media in Risk Context

风险认知既取决于物理性一面,也取决于精神性的一面,后者往往作用力更大。风险认知能否客观、真实,受制于认知主体所具备的认知条件和认知能力。在信息“过载”和风险情境下,人的信息感知机理愈加复杂,不确定性加大,风险的认知难度也更大,容易产生认知偏差。复杂性是现代性的伴生物。在几何级扩张的复杂性面前,人类的智性和理性捉襟见肘。作为社会系统的传播、沟通、整合机制,媒体是人类社会风险控制和复杂性管控的有效架构,以其专业化努力给复杂世界带来明确的描述和确定性。但是,在网络社会和风险语境中,媒体系统面临双重“复杂性”,难以胜任风险认知和复杂性管理的重任。

Risk perception depends on both physical and mental aspects,with the latter often having a greater impact.The cognition of risk is objective and real or not which subject to the cognitive condition and cognitive ability of the cognitive subject.In the context of overload information and risk,the information perception mechanism of human beings becomes more complex,uncertainty increases,cognition of risk becomes more difficult,and cognitive bias is likely to occur.Complexity is the companion of modernity.In the face of the geometric expansion of complexity,human’s intelligence and rationality is limited.As the dissemination,communication and integration mechanism of the social system,media is effective for the risk control and complexity management of human society.With its professional efforts,it brings clear description and certainty to the complex world.However,in the network society and risk context,the media system is faced with double complexity,which makes it difficult to cope with the task of risk perception and complexity management.