新时代国家监察监督制度之建构理据、运行价值、效能增进

The Construction Motivation,Operational Value and Efficacy Enhancement of the National Supervision System in the New Era

新时代国家监察监督制度是对中国特色社会主义监督体制的拓补完善,国家监察权属于党的监督全面统筹下的国家监督权,国家监察机构属于党统一指挥下可实现国家监督全覆盖的国家监督机关。国家监察监督制度在国家监督制度体系中具有权威性、全面性、基础性,其“权力监督”功能要求其必须通过权威、全面、有效监督维护社会稳定,捍卫民主法治,进而将中国制度的根本优势转化为现实效能。新时代国家监察监督制度效能的提升重在实现监察权行使的主动性、高效性、全面性,保障监察权运行的公开化、程序化与法治化。同时,要遵循党内监督与国家监督、监察监督与其他国家监督、国家制度与法律制度协调互补的共治逻辑,强化法治约束和内外监督,解决运行中的关键问题,通过对公权力的有效规训应对风险社会的国家治理挑战。

The national supervision system in the new era is an expansion,an amendment and a perfection of the socialist supervision system with Chinese characteristics.The national supervision power is under the overall consideration of the Party,and the national supervisory organ executes its fully-covered national supervision under the unified command of the Party.The national supervisory system has features of being authoritative,comprehensive,and fundamental.Its function of“power supervision”makes it necessary to actively demonstrate its authority,comprehensiveness,and effective supervision to maintain national social stability and defend democracy and the rule of law,and this will in turn help transform the fundamental advantages of the Chinese system into real efficacy.In the new era,the enhancement of the efficacy of the national supervisory system lies in realizing the initiative,efficiency,and comprehensiveness of the exercise of supervisory power,and ensuring the exercise of supervisory power is open,follows procedures and sticks to the rule of law.At the same time,it is also necessary to follow the co-governance logic of intra-party supervision and state supervision,supervision of the supervisory organs and other state supervision,coordination and complementarity between the state system and the legal system,to strengthen the rule of law and internal and external supervision,to solve the key problems in operation,and to handle the national governance challenges of a risky society through effective regulation of public power.